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General Sir Richard Cyril Byrne Haking (24 January 1862 – 9 June 1945) was a British general who commanded XI Corps in the First World War. Arguments over the late release of Haking's Corps on the first day of the Battle of Loos were instrumental in forcing the resignation of Sir John French as Commander-in-Chief of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF). Haking is remembered chiefly for the high casualties suffered by his forces (including many Australian troops) at the second Battle of Fromelles, launched while the Battle of the Somme was underway 80 km to the south, although at least one British historian has sought to defend his reputation, regarding him as an "intelligent and capable man" unfairly maligned in the popular mythology of the war. Although blocked from further promotion he continued to command XI Corps – including in Italy in the winter of 1917–18 and in Flanders in April 1918 – until the end of the war. ==Early career== Haking was probably born in Halifax, West Yorkshire, the son of a clergyman. He was commissioned into the 67th (South Hampshire) Regiment of Foot (which that year became part of the Hampshire Regiment) on 22 January 1881.〔Beckett & Corvi, 2006, p208,〕 Haking saw active service in Burma 1885-7,〔Travers 1987, p286-7〕〔Beckett & Corvi, 2006, p208〕 and was promoted captain in 1889.〔Travers 1987, p286-7〕 He studied at Staff College 1896-7.〔Beckett & Corvi, 2006, p208〕〔Travers (1987, p286-7) states that he was at Staff College in 1892. Beckett's date is presented in the article, being from a more recent book.〕 He was promoted major in 1899.〔Travers 1987, p286-7〕 After serving in the Boer War, he returned to Staff College,〔Beckett & Corvi, 2006, p208,〕 first as a lecturer 1901-4, then as Deputy Assistant Adjutant-General (DAAG) 1904-6.〔Travers 1987, p286-7〕 Haking was GSO1 (chief of staff – a lieutenant-colonel’s position) to 3rd Division 1906-8〔Travers 1987, p286-7〕 then Brigadier-General General Staff (BGGS) Southern Command in 1908.〔Travers 1987, p286-7〕 He was honoured with the Companion of the Order of the Bath in 1910.〔Beckett & Corvi, 2006, p208〕 Haking's book "Company Training" (1913) espoused the pre-war belief that morale and leadership were the most important factor in winning a battle. He also argued that the attacker would have the advantage over the defender, and deprecated the idea that modern weapons had made defence superior to attack. The book was reprinted during the first part of the war, at least.〔Travers 1987, p48〕〔The Great War – Les Carlyon – Pan McMillan Australia, 2006 p45.〕 The book was considered "first class" and in Gordon Corrigan's view "even today ... has a freshness about it and an insight into human characteristics that would not be out of place in a modern military work". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Richard Haking」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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